Update 01/2026: Everything we write here still holds. However, the finger-type reference electrode is no longer available. The good news is that we now have an even better... read more →
Very often, Li-ion test cells are characterized in two separate experiments: first, constant current charge/discharge cycles are applied in order to learn about the direct current (dc) behavior of the... read more →
The anode material in almost all of today’s secondary lithium-ion batteries is graphite. In order to boost the energy density, we would love to replace the graphite by... read more →
In a previous application note named “1001 reasons for using a reference electrode” we tried to convince you of the advantages of three-electrode cells with reference electrode over so-called half... read more →
Former test setup In a previous report, we have used the ECC-Opto-Std test cell to visualize the electrochemical lithiation of a free-standing graphite electrode sandwiched with a lithium metal counter... read more →